state a hypothesis relating polarities and solubilities of pigments

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Question: Introduction Your instructor has prepared an extract of chloroplast pigments from fresh green grass or fresh spinach. A blender was used to rupture the cells, and the pigments were then extracted with acetone, an organic solvent. Work- ing with one other student, begin this exercise by separating the pigments extracted using paper chromatography. To do this,

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Examine the molecular structures of chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b), carotene, and xanthophyll in Figure 6.4 and count the number of polar oxygen atoms in each molecule to determine their relative polarities.

INTRODUCTION Plant system contain various pigments which help in various processes such as photosynthesis. The primary pigments in the plants are Chlorophyll, xanthophyll and carotenoids, these pigmets are known to capture solar energy and conver …

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Chromatography 1

General chemistry i (che 121), american university of nigeria.

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138 lab topic 6: photosynthesis, e x e r c i s e 6. 3, separation and identification of plant, pigments by paper chromatography, capillary tube forceps, beakers scissors, extractions of leaf pigments acetone, chromatography paper stapled into a cylinder marked with a pencil line, about 1 cm from one end, quart jar with lid, containing solvent of petroleum ether and acetone, introduction, your instructor has prepared an extract of chloroplast pigments from fresh, green grass or fresh spinach. a blender was used to rupture the cells, and, the pigments were then extracted with acetone, an organic solvent. work-, ing with one other student, begin this exercise by separating the pigments, extracted using paper chromatography. to do this, you will apply the pig-, ment extract to a cylinder of chromatographic paper. you will then place, the cylinder in a jar with the organic solvents petroleum ether and ace-, tone. the solvents will move up the paper and carry the pigments along;, the pigments will move at different rates, depending on their different sol-, ubilities in the solvents used and the degree of attraction to the paper. the, leading edge of the solvent is called the front. discrete pigment bands will, be formed from the front back to the point where pigments were added, to the paper., the following information will be helpful to you as you make predictions, and interpret results:, 1. polar molecules or substances dissolve (or are attracted to) polar, 2. nonpolar molecules are attracted to nonpolar molecules to varying, 3. chromatography paper (cellulose) is a polar (charged) substance., 4. the solvent, made of petroleum ether and acetone, is relatively, 5. the most nonpolar substance will dissolve in the nonpolar solvent first., 6. the most polar substance will be attracted to the polar chromatography, paper; therefore, it will move last., use this information and the molecular structure of major leaf pigments, to predict the relative solubilities and separation patterns for the pig-, ments and to identify the pigment bands. study the molecular structure, of the four common plant pigments in figure 6. as you study these di-, agrams, rank the pigments according to polarity in the space provided., to determine polarity, count the number of polar oxygens present in, each molecule., lab topic 6: photosynthesis 139.

####### HC C=O

####### I ' I

####### CH, COO-CH,

####### COO-C 20 H3g

####### CH H HC = O

####### CH 2 CH 3

####### HC. Mg CH

####### COO-CH,

H,C CH, ~"C.- _ -

a. Chlorophyll a

B. chlorophyll b.

####### H,C' "C-CH = CH-C =CH-CH = C H - C =CH-CH = C H - C H = C - C H = CH-CH = C - C H = C H -

c. Beta carotene

####### CH,,

####### I 3

####### H,C C - C H = C H - C = C H - C H = CH-C = CH-CH = CH-CH = C-CH = CH-CH = C - C H =

d. Xanthophyll

Molecular structure of major leaf pigments. the molecular structure of, chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b), carotene (c), and xanthophyll (d). to determine, polarity count the number of polar oxygens present in each molecule., most polar:.

####### H 3 C \ _ ^ CH, 3