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Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
What is Diffusion ?
Diffusion is the random movement of one liquid or gas through another, from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration .
Why is Diffusion of a Gas through Air Slow ?
When two gases mix together, the fast randomly moving particles collide , and this slows down their rate of mixing . Examples are the diffusion of bromine through air and the diffusion of hydrogen chloride and ammonia through air .
The Diffusion of Bromine through Air .
Bromine is a red-brown liquid that boils at 58 ° C . Bromine gas is also red-brown and can be seen inside a gas jar .
If bromine gas is allowed to enter a gas jar containing a vacuum , the red-brown colour instantly fills the jar because there are no air molecules to collide with. This shows that the bromine molecules are moving very fast .
When bromine is added to a gas jar filled with air , the red-brown gas is seen to slowly diffuse through the air . The many collisions between the bromine molecules and the air molecules slow down the rate at which the red-brown bromine gas fills the jar .
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Define diffusion . explain its bromine vapour activity
Diffusion is the random movement of one liquid or gas through another, liquid or gas from a region of its higher concentration to a region of its lower concentration diffusion of bromine vapour. bromine is a red-brown liquid that boils at 58 °c. bromine gas is also red-brown and can be seen inside a gas jar. if bromine gas is allowed to enter a gas jar containing a vacuum, the red-brown colour instantly fills the jar because there are no air molecules to collide with. this shows that the bromine molecules are moving very fast when bromine is added to a gas jar filled with air or vapour , the red-brown gas is seen to slowly diffuse through the air. the many collisions between the bromine molecules and the air molecules slow down the rate at which the red-brown bromine gas fills the jar..
Explain how bromine vapour diffuse into air
When a gas jar containing air is inverted over a gas jar containing bromine vapour, the red-brown bromine vapour diffuse into air. Explain how bromine vapour diffuse into air.
Define diffusion explain the rate of order of diffusion in solids liquids and gases and state the effect of temperature on diffusion
Gases- Diffusion of Bromine Vapor
Diffusion of Bromine Vapor
Description: A small amount of bromine liquid is allowed to evaporate into air, and its rate of diffusion is followed by watching the color. A similar amount of bromine liquid is released into a long evacuated tube. Its rate of diffusion into enclosed volume is compared with the first observation.
Source: Shakhashiri, B.Z . Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry
Year: 1985 Vol: 2 Page: 63
Keywords: Bromine, Diffusion, Evacuated tube, Molecular speeds, Kinetic-Molecular Theory
Hazard: Medium
- Acute toxicity hazard – inhalation
- Acute aquatic toxicity
- Serious eye damage
- Skin corrosion hazard
Effectiveness: Good
- Results are clearly observable without guidance
- Low failure rate
- Good connection from demo to course material
Difficulty: Medium
- Concerted or time-dependent manipulations
Safety Precautions:
- Eye protection required
- Gloves required
- Lab coat recommended
- Use chemically resistant surface
- Perform in a well-ventilated area
- Downdraft hood recommended
- Na 2 S 2 O 3 solution for neutralization on hand
- Prevent release of reagents to the environment
Class: Gas Laws, Kinetic Chemistry, Thermodynamics
Division: General, Physical Chemistry
Home| General Chemistry Demonstrations| Physical Chemistry Demonstrations
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Diffusion into air Initially the bromine capsule is placed in the glass tube and the tap is closed. The diffusion tube is full of air. Slide the capsule down from the glass tube into the rubber tubing. Using square pliers, not side-cutters, break the capsule by squashing the rubber tubing.
The Diffusion of Bromine through Air. Bromine is a red-brown liquid that boils at 58 °C. Bromine gas is also red-brown and can be seen inside a gas jar. If bromine gas is allowed to enter a gas jar containing a vacuum, the red-brown colour instantly fills the jar because there are no air molecules to collide with. This shows that the bromine ...
Bromine is a red-brown liquid that boils at 58 °C. Bromine gas is also red-brown and can be seen inside a gas jar. If bromine gas is allowed to enter a gas jar containing a vacuum, the red-brown colour instantly fills the jar because there are no air molecules to collide with. This shows that the bromine molecules are moving very fast
Diffusion of red-brown bromine gas. Description: Here, we see the diffusion of bromine gas from one gas jar to another. After 5 minutes the bromine gas has diffused from the bottom jar to the top jar. Explanation: The air and bromine particles are moving randomly and there are large gaps between particles. The particles can therefore easily mix ...
Diffusion of Bromine Vapor. Description: A small amount of bromine liquid is allowed to evaporate into air, and its rate of diffusion is followed by watching the color. A similar amount of bromine liquid is released into a long evacuated tube. Its rate of diffusion into enclosed volume is compared with the first observation.
That makes the 'average diameter' for a bromine molecule hitting an air molecules 1.1 times on average as great as for air molecules colliding. Because any mean free path depends on the collision target area (cross-section), a bromine molecule probably has a mean free path among air molecules about 1/(1.1) 2 or 1/1.2 or (0.83) times the ...
At the start, the orange-brown bromine gas is an area of high concentration. It diffuses from a high to low concentration . After 5 minutes, the bromine gas will have diffused from the bottom jar until it is evenly spread throughout both jars. The same can be said for the air, although it is less obvious as it is colourless
How do you set up the Bromine Gas and Air experiment! Fill half a gas jar full of bromine gas, and the other half full of air - separate the gases with a glass plate. 2. Describe what happens in the Bromine Gas and Air experiment! When you remove the glass plate, the both sides slowly become a light brown colour. 3. Explain what happens in the ...
Diffusion of Bromine Vapor Description: A small amount of bromine liquid is allowed to evaporate into air, and its rate of diffusion is followed by watching the color. A similar amount of bromine liquid is released into a long evacuated tube. Its rate of diffusion into enclosed volume is compared with the first observation. Source:…
The students first observe relatively sluggish diffusion of bromine into air. This is followed by the much more rapid diffusion (i.e. expansion) into a vacuum. Almost all gases are transparent and so invisible. The following experiment uses bromine, which is brown; however, this is a dangerous, corrosive gas and great care must be taken. You ...